Editor’s lead: With the deepening of socialized production mode, the market competition has changed from the competition between single customers to the competition between supply chains, and all parties in the same supply chain are interdependent, "one glory will be honored, and one loss will be lost". Therefore, "supply chain financing" series of financial products came into being. This article takes you in-depth analysis of supply chain finance, and I believe you will have a deeper understanding.

The concept of supply chain finance was first put forward by Shenzhen Development Bank in 2001, after which Shenzhen Development Bank initiated the warehouse receipt pledge business, creating a new model for financial development. However, before 2016, the development was quite slow. Except for Shenzhen Development Bank (later renamed Ping An Bank), only a few state-owned banks had trial business. It was not until 2016 that the state began to issue relevant policies that the development of supply chain finance was ushered in.

In 2016, the state encouraged the development of accounts receivable financing centered on core enterprises. In October 2017, it was first proposed that supply chain finance should support the development of the real economy. In 2019, it was proposed to reduce the dependence on mortgage guarantee and increase the proportion of credit loans and accounts receivable financing.

From 2021, the state put forward the concept of inclusive finance, and began to fully promote the development of inclusive finance. From the national policies, we can see that the country holds a very prudent and steady attitude on the road of promoting inclusive finance’s landing.

Mainly because of the emergence of a new format, its development is not yet mature, and the risks behind it have not been fully revealed. In order to ensure the financial stability of the country, a cautious attitude is adopted. However, a prudent attitude does not mean that the ultimate goal of the country is to develop supply chain finance, which is mainly based on accounts receivable. Supply chain finance is a means, and the core of the country wants to make funds flow into the 97% small and medium-sized enterprises in the real industry. Therefore, the scope of inclusive finance is now wider, including more than just a form of supply chain finance. From this we can determine that the core value of supply chain finance is:

• Promote the development of inclusive finance, stimulate the development vitality of small and medium-sized enterprises, enhance their ability to resist risks, and lay a financial foundation for the steady development of China’s industrial supply chain.
• Promote small and medium-sized enterprises from the survival line to the development line, and promote the overall industrial upgrading.

Then we should grasp this core and pay attention to risk exposure in the process of making a supply chain financial platform.

At present, there are two main trends in judging the repayment ability of enterprises, one is based solely on traditional bank risk control, and the other is based on traditional risk control combined with online data. As China’s data age has just begun, the data platforms of local governments and non-governmental organizations are still in the initial stage of construction, the construction of data channels is not complete, and the data collected at present is still under construction according to the data dimension of traditional bank risk control. Some platforms have added business travel, social media and other data, but the cash flow in the important banking system can not be fully obtained to judge the operation of enterprises.

The lack of data dimension leads us to have a poor grasp of the real business situation of the enterprise, and we are bound to be conservative in risk judgment, which affects the coverage of the enterprise and the financing amount of the enterprise.

In addition to the lack of risk control data, we basically judge the future repayment ability of enterprises based on the past data of enterprises at present, and do not predict the future repayment ability in combination with the development trend of enterprises. However, the enterprise will repay in the future, so it will be more stable to predict the future repayment ability than to control the risk based on the past repayment ability. Risk control based on past repayment ability is based on the assumption that enterprises will not be worse in the future than in the past. But this assumption is not reasonable.

There are also many core enterprises that have closed down frequently. The risk control based on future repayment ability is actually a more rational decision based on quantitative analysis. Predicting the future is uncertain, but at the same time it is pioneering. On the one hand, this pioneering may enable us to master more accurate repayment ability of enterprises, on the other hand, we can get higher financing for enterprises with sustained business growth, which will more effectively promote the development of high-quality enterprises. In fact, predicting the future is to help the whole ecology survive the fittest.

No matter from the national or private point of view, supply chain finance is generally started from core enterprises. Starting with core enterprises has several advantages: ① Core enterprises have a high trade status, which makes it easier to drive upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises to do supply chain finance business together, which can make the traffic increase rapidly. ② Core enterprises have a relatively high degree of informatization, and the change cost is relatively lower in promoting the implementation of supply chain finance. (3) The core enterprises have strong credit standing and strong financial strength, and financing the upstream suppliers with the repayment ability of the core enterprises as the guarantee is in line with the current risk control cognition.

Let’s analyze the above three advantages in detail. Now supply chain finance is in the early stage of development, and it is still a blue ocean market, so that the rapid growth of traffic can quickly seize market share and have the first-Mover advantage.

So the first advantage is very important. The second advantage can be replaced by the informatization ability of core enterprises, and technology companies should have more advantages in informatization construction than core enterprises. Only with the help of the information system of core enterprises, the cost of transformation is lower, especially the saving of time cost to further promote the first-Mover advantage.

The third point is based on the upward transmission of credit of core enterprises, which is actually credit financing in essence, and its credit can only be transmitted upward, but not downward (downstream procurement financing does not rely on the credit of core enterprises), and accounts receivable financing is actually traditional financing, which is not supply chain finance in essence.

After analysis, we find that there is only one advantage of doing supply chain finance based on core enterprises, which is to seize market share quickly. But it also has a disadvantage, lack of penetration, and can’t really meet the financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises in the whole industrial chain.

It is very important to seize market share quickly, and it must be the top priority for any enterprise. I want to say, can we do more than seize market share? It is the most important thing for us to seize market share quickly at this stage, but in the long run, we have to return to the financing needs and business scenarios of small and medium-sized enterprises, or to the thinking with small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body.

At present, there are many modes of supply chain finance in the market, such as prepayment financing, warehouse receipt financing, invoice financing and tax financing, which are all ways to directly finance small and medium-sized enterprises without core enterprises. But what I mainly discuss here is not the mode of financing, but the main role of financing.

Although accounts receivable financing centered on core enterprises is the most mainstream supply chain financial model in the market at present, it cannot benefit most small and medium-sized enterprises in the market because of its poor penetration, and the blank market is very large. I think it is also a first-Mover advantage to seize the blank market from small and medium-sized enterprises.

In the end, a situation will be formed, one is to expand the market upstream and downstream from the core enterprises, and the other is to expand the market around from small and medium-sized enterprises. If these two models can be combined in the future, a complete market network will be formed. So if someone cuts in from the core enterprises, someone cuts in from the small and medium-sized enterprises, and then the two are combined, it is equivalent to expanding the market at twice the speed.

• While competing for traffic, various industrial platforms will lead to the fragmentation of the whole market. In order to expand customers, SMEs need to trade in multiple industrial platforms, and their transaction data are scattered and isolated, which makes it difficult to integrate into standardized data assets. In the supply chain financial services based on data assets, the services enjoyed by SMEs are still limited. However, each platform is "fragmented" and has not reached interconnection and mutual assistance. The fragmentation of the platform does not meet the real demands of SMEs.
• Unilateral consideration of the needs of financial institutions, ignoring the needs of enterprises. At present, many financial service platforms are mainly built to cater to the financing process of financial institutions, which are not closely integrated with the trade process of enterprises, and the overall experience in the financing process of enterprises is poor and inefficient.
• Regardless of the business prospects and business stability of small and medium-sized enterprises, in order to ensure risk control, a lower quota is given across the board according to the previous risk control model. However, although the small and medium-sized enterprises in the physical industry are small in scale, their business liquidity is usually millions, and the small-scale credit across the board cannot meet the capital needs of small and medium-sized enterprises.
• Without considering the industry attributes of small and medium-sized enterprises, the overall supply and demand situation of the industry and price fluctuations, adopting a unified credit risk control model has low accuracy, which leads to the reduction of the overall quota for risk control.

• At present, all supply chain financial platforms build platform standards from their own perspective, and cross-platform standards may be different, which is not conducive to cross-platform integration.
• The upstream and downstream of each industry are actually cross-industries. For example, the upstream steel suppliers in the automobile manufacturing industry are not only involved in automobiles, but also in construction, roads, machinery, military industry and so on. The downstream 4S shop involves not only automobile manufacturing, but also lubricants, parts and so on. If the standardization is built by the core enterprises in a certain industry, its radiation scope is limited, and there is no way for the upstream and downstream to integrate standardization across industries.
• Some regions are committed to formulating regional standardization, but the industry is not regional, and it is cross-regional, national or even global from the source to the terminal. Regional standardization also has limitations and cannot penetrate the entire industrial chain.

To sum up, if we can’t build cross-platform, cross-industry and cross-regional standardization, we can’t build a full-coverage financial service network. Therefore, the lack of standardization is a major factor hindering the development of supply chain finance in the future, which has not attracted the attention of the industry at present.

With the improvement of risk control, supply chain finance no longer needs the credit of core enterprises, and can meet the ultimate national expectation, that is, in the industrial network of the whole country, where there is a shortage of funds, funds will go, and social funds will be distributed more reasonably and evenly to maximize the utilization of funds. On the one hand, the perfection of risk control promotes the continuous expansion of supply chain finance in the direction of decentralization, on the other hand, the national expectation also drives the development of supply chain finance in the direction of decentralization. We should build a decentralized platform based on this foresight, create this first-Mover advantage in advance, and also promote the development speed of supply chain finance.

Demarcation should be understood from three angles.

(1) assets to the border. At present, there are many B2B industrial platforms, and there will be multiple industrial platforms in the same vertical field, and the management platforms of some core enterprises will also have sales modules to undertake online orders. When providing financial services, each industrial platform takes the orders in the platform as the target, and has its own platform boundaries.

Customers get credit on one platform based on the overall credit status of the enterprise, so once they get credit on one platform, it is difficult to get credit on other platforms, but customers’ transactions may not be limited to one platform, which leads to only a part of customers’ orders being financed. The boundary of this industrial platform leads to customers not being able to enjoy adequate financing services.

In the future, services will be provided by real financing scenarios of small and medium-sized enterprises, and breaking the boundaries of platforms will be a prerequisite for providing better financing services.

2 funds go to the border. Every financial institution gives credit to an enterprise based on its overall credit status and repayment ability.

Once a financial institution gives credit to an enterprise, it is basically difficult for the enterprise to get credit from other financial institutions, so the financing services enjoyed by the enterprise will be limited by the service types, interest rates, cycles and targets provided by the current financial institutions.

It is not flexible enough from the perspective of enterprise’s overall asset management. A more favorable way for enterprises is to have a professional platform to assume the responsibility of risk control and give flexible credit lines according to the overall dynamic repayment ability of enterprises. Then the financing application is diverted to various financial institutions through routers, and financial institutions only undertake financing services. In this model, financial institutions no longer undertake the credit granting work, or even the whole risk control outsourcing, which reduces the risk for financial institutions through risk transfer, and at the same time reduces the demand for organizational personnel, which can benefit enterprises and achieve the goal of inclusive finance.

For the platform, because of the provision of risk control services, it not only breaks the boundaries of financial institutions and provides more flexible financing services for enterprises, but also enhances the strategic position of the platform and becomes an indispensable existence in the whole model. At the same time, risk control can increase revenue for the platform. For enterprises, they can enjoy more flexible financial services and lower interest rates.

③ The type of financing service goes beyond the boundary. At present, various financial service platforms will launch a variety of financing service types, and each type needs to apply for a quota separately. The business model of enterprises is diversified, and many times a variety of financing services are needed to cooperate, but different quotas are scattered and fragmented, so enterprises need to make some matching when using them.

It is likely that there will be a target with a large amount, but at present, the quotas obtained by enterprises are scattered and unconnected, and none of them can meet the financing needs of the target. Therefore, the solution I propose is that the platform gives enterprises a comprehensive quota, which is applicable to all types of financing services launched by the platform. Enterprises only need to apply for the quota once, and the subsequent financing needs to be applied on demand, sharing a quota.

It not only reduces the operation of enterprises applying for credit, reduces the number of times that risk control calls their credit information, but also improves the utilization rate of credit lines. The premise of the type of financing service going to the border is that the capital side goes to the border.

At present, social funds are mainly concentrated in three places: banks, enterprises and individuals. Enterprises are the only export to create wealth. However, enterprises mainly use their own money to create wealth. Personal money is deposited in banks, and bank money is given to a small number of enterprises, that is, most money can only create a small amount of wealth for a small number of enterprises.

The uneven distribution of funds in the whole society also leads to the situation of insufficient utilization of funds. The state encourages inclusive finance to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is actually to distribute social funds in a balanced way, so that social funds can play a greater role. Banks give money to more enterprises to create more wealth, and enterprises can invest in production, investment and innovation with more funds, so that the gears of industrial upgrading can roll. In order for banks to give more money to more enterprises, the early stage must be to build a portrait and credit evaluation of enterprises in the whole society and do a good job in risk control.

In the later stage, it is to let banks give money to enterprises more smoothly and efficiently. Therefore, the automation of financial service process will be gradually popularized in the later period.

By then, the whole system will automatically provide financing services and automatic settlement according to the capital needs of enterprises. Enterprises can enjoy the support of bank funds at low cost, and the surplus profits can be further invested in innovative research and development, industrial upgrading, and enhance the profit rate of enterprises. Once the capital channel can operate without obstacles, it means that the capital turnover rate of the whole society will be improved, social wealth will continue to grow, and inflation can be reduced.

Therefore, the automation of financial service process is not only the demand of enterprises, but also the demand of the whole society and the whole country, and the future must be the direction encouraged by the state.

When the automation of financial service process reaches a certain popularity, the role of banks is to take over the distribution of social funds in an all-round way, and the role of enterprises is to innovate and connect. The comprehensive functions undertaken by the original enterprise as a single role are decomposed, and the capital functions are completely subcontracted to banks. Enterprises concentrate on the production and circulation of things, and the social division of labor is further reconstructed. After the social division of labor is clearer and finer, the overall social operation efficiency will be higher.

Therefore, the future development of supply chain finance is not only to support small and medium-sized enterprises in the real economy, but also to reconstruct the social division of labor and create a new social ecology.

　

This article was originally published by @ Weekend Living Room. Everyone is a product manager. Reprinting is prohibited without permission.

The title map comes from Unsplash and is based on CC0 protocol.

An electric car owner in Beijing said that if the household electricity is charged slowly, the charging fee is the electricity fee of the normal home meter; If the public charging piles are used for quick charging, the average public charging piles in urban areas have a cheap flat peak time of about 1 yuan per kilowatt hour, and a peak charging time of about 1.8 yuan per kilowatt hour. Suburbs or some areas outside the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads may have different degrees of concessions. "The electricity fee is converted into more than ten yuan a day."

The Nanjing Municipal Price Bureau recently issued a notice on adjusting the charging standard of pure electric vehicles, and raised the charging standard of local pure electric vehicles. The highest charging standard for pure electric vehicles (less than seven seats) is 1.68 yuan per kilowatt hour. So, what is the cost of using public charging piles for electric car owners in Beijing? Will it cost more than foreign car owners? What preparations do you need if you want to install a cheap household charging pile? With these questions, the Beijing Youth Daily reporter conducted an investigation.

status

More than 20 provinces and cities across the country have introduced charging standards.

It is understood that at present, more than 20 provinces and cities across the country have introduced charging standards for charging and replacing electricity services. The reporter of Beiqing Daily found out that not long ago, Shenzhen issued the "Notice on Adjusting the Charging Service Fee for Electric Vehicles in Our City". According to the notice, since July 1, 2018, the maximum price of charging service fees for electric vehicles in Shenzhen has been adjusted to 0.80 yuan/kWh.

In addition, the notice of electricity price for new energy vehicles issued by Guangdong Province also shows that the charging service fee is the highest 0.8 yuan/kWh.

Suzhou Municipal Price Bureau issued the Notice on Verifying the Service Price of Pure Electric Bus (12m) Charging Facilities in the Third Quarter of 2018, which mentioned that the charging service price of pure electric bus (12m) is charged according to the charging degree, and the highest price is 1.56 yuan/kWh; In terms of the service price of charging facilities for pure electric vehicles (less than 7 seats), the notice shows that the highest price is 2.04 yuan/kWh according to the charging degree, which will be implemented from July 10.

In other cities, the "Notice on Defining the Charging Service Fee Policy for Electric Vehicles in Qingdao" shows that the charging service fee for electric buses should not exceed 0.60 yuan/kwh, and the charging service fee for electric passenger cars should not exceed 0.65 yuan/kwh.

pay close attention

Beijing charging service fee is no longer limited by the government.

Then, what kind of policy agreement and market situation does Beijing have in electric vehicle charging service? In fact, on February 27th this year, the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission issued the latest edition of Beijing Pricing Catalogue, showing that the number of government pricing items in the implementation catalogue was reduced from 41 in 2016 to 36. Among them, five items, including electric vehicle charging service fees, will be released from April 1, which means that the above items will no longer be set by the government and will be adjusted by the market.

Previously, the charging service fee ceiling standard for electric vehicles issued by Beijing in 2015 showed that charging service enterprises could charge users charging service fees. The charging service fee is charged according to the charging amount, and the upper limit of each charge is 15% of the highest retail price per liter of Beijing No.92 gasoline on that day. Each business unit may formulate specific charging standards without exceeding the upper limit standard.

According to reports, among the five newly released prices this year, including three charging service fees for electric vehicles, they belong to areas with a high degree of marketization. The liberalization of pricing is conducive to improving the efficiency of resource allocation and stimulating market vitality.

Relevant persons pointed out that at present, the city’s charging service is in the market cultivation stage, and enterprises have fierce competition in expanding market share, a high degree of marketization, and the overall operation of the industry is good, so they have the conditions for liberalization. In addition, in recent years, in order to improve charging efficiency, some enterprises have also introduced power exchange services and mobile charging services, which are not in the pricing catalogue. Therefore, in order to encourage model innovation and promote industry development, the charging service fee for electric vehicles has been liberalized.

survey

The daily charging fee for car owners is generally around 10 yuan.

An electric car owner, Mr. Xia, told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that if the household electricity is charged slowly, the charging fee is the electricity fee of the normal home meter. If public charging piles are used for quick charging, the average public charging piles in urban areas have a cheap flat peak time of about 1 yuan per degree, and charge at peak time of about 1.8 yuan per degree. Suburbs or some areas outside the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads may have different degrees of concessions, "like Pinggu, the cheap ones are about 80 cents".

Near a public charging station in Haidian District, Mr. Xia opened the charging pile interface he was connecting for the reporter of Beiqing Daily, which showed that he had charged 43.17 yuan that day, and the charging capacity was 26.54 kwh, which was equivalent to about 1.63 yuan per kwh.

The reporter of Beiqing Daily clicked on the equipment information column of the charging pile. The information about the charging model in the page shows that the charging cost of this charging pile called Easy Charging is divided into four gears according to time periods, including peak period, normal period and valley period. The description of the corresponding time on the charging pile shows that the valley time is before 7 o’clock every day; 7 o’clock -10 o’clock is a flat section; 10 o’clock -15 o’clock is the peak section; 15: 00 -18: 00 is a flat section; 18-21 points are the peak segments; 21-23 points are flat segments; After 23 o’clock, it is the valley section.

Mr. Xia told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that if his car is used more for commuting, it will be calculated as 300 kilometers for six days according to 50 kilometers per day. "One month’s electricity bill is converted into about ten yuan a day."

Another car owner, Mr. Zhang, recommended a charging applet to the reporter of Beiqing Daily. The reporter of Beiqing Daily searched the public charging piles around Shuangjing R&F City at 6 pm. The recommended information on the program page shows that the charging unit price of Modern City charging station in the current period (18: 00-21: 00) is 2.2182 yuan/kwh, of which the electricity fee is 1.4182 yuan/kwh and the service fee is 0.8 yuan/kwh; At the same time, it shows that the next period starts at 21 o’clock, and the charging unit price is 1.6925 yuan per kilowatt hour. In contrast, before 7: 00 a.m. on the same day, the reporter of Beiqing Daily searched for the charging unit price of the charging station at the same location and showed that it was 1.1928 yuan/kwh, including 0.3928 yuan/kwh for electricity and 0.8 yuan/kwh for service.

At the same time in the afternoon, the reporter of Beiqing Daily tried to search the charging piles and prices around Zhongguancun Carrefour. After the location search, the recommended page showed that the charging station of China Renmin University had a unified price of 1.3503 yuan per kwh, including 0.5503 yuan for electricity and 0.8 yuan/kwh for service. Sun Park charging station, the unified price of 2.0 yuan/kWh throughout the day, including electricity charge 1.2 yuan/kWh and service charge 0.8 yuan/kWh; The current charging unit price of Dazhongsi charging station (7: 00-23: 00) is 1.67 yuan/kwh, including 0.87 yuan/kwh for electricity and 0.8 yuan/kwh for service.

press sb for an interview

Household charging piles are installed free of charge by manufacturers within one year.

In addition to using public charging piles, more and more electric car owners hope to install their own charging piles to facilitate daily charging, which involves the problem of installing charging piles. So how much does it cost to install household charging piles?

The service staff of a SAIC New Energy 4S shop told Beiqing Daily that for private car owners who buy brand cars, manufacturers usually give home charging piles and provide installation services. Taking this brand as an example, the installation of household charging piles is free within one year. If it exceeds one year, the charging piles will be given away for free, but the installation will require additional payment. "The installation of charging piles is usually carried out by a third party qualified by the factory. The specific cost should be consulted with them, about one or two thousand yuan." The service staff of the 4S shop said.

Tesla’s customer service staff told Beiqing Daily that Tesla is an individual car owner, and the new car will be given a charging pile with the car. At the same time, the new car will be installed free of charge within one year of purchase and within 80 meters. "If there is a free line within 80 meters, basically most domestic parking spaces can be installed for free." The above-mentioned customer service staff said that if it is more than one year, it needs to be installed at its own expense.

The staff said that the installation cost of self-funded installation mainly depends on the length of the installation line, so the specific cost depends on their own situation. "If the parking space is not too far from the power supply, some car owners say that the installation cost is about several hundred to one thousand pieces." Another rider said that the case where the parking space is particularly far from the power supply has also heard that the installation of charging piles cost five or six thousand yuan, but this estimate is not much.

contrast

How much can an electric car save compared with a fuel car?

Which is more economical in daily expenses, fuel vehicles or pure electric vehicles? Some car enthusiasts have made a special comparison, and the conclusion is that the cost of electric vehicles should be saved a lot.

Taking a domestic mainstream brand as an example, the enthusiast pointed out that a domestic fuel-powered vehicle with both fuel and electric versions of the same model will travel about 15,000-20,000 kilometers every year, which means that it needs 1,200-1,600 liters of gasoline every year, and according to the average 6.5 yuan/liter of No.92 gasoline, it means that the fuel-powered vehicle needs 7,800-10,400 yuan every year.

The battery capacity of pure electric vehicles of the same brand is 41 kWh, which is calculated according to the standard cruising range of 300 kilometers, that is, it needs 2050-2733 kWh for running in one year, and it is weighted according to the slow charge of 0.6 yuan/kWh and the fast charge of 1.5 yuan/kWh at 8: 2, and the annual charging electricity fee is about 1599-2132 yuan. In addition, electric vehicles are relatively more economical in maintenance.

data

Beijing has been built cumulatively.

About 127,000 charging piles

Mr. Xia, the owner of the car, told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that it is not difficult to find a charging pile in the urban area at present. "It can always be found within almost four or five kilometers." He said that even if he is not familiar with the area, there are tips on the location of the charging network in general cars or mobile navigation.

According to authoritative data, by the end of April 2018, about 127,000 charging piles had been built in Beijing, with a ratio of 0.7: 1 to the number of electric vehicles promoted. At the same time, a public charging network with an average service radius of 5 kilometers within the Sixth Ring Road has been formed. Among them, in the field of private use, about 90,000 self-use charging piles have been built in Beijing, accounting for 75% of personal electric vehicles.

From a national perspective, up to now, cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, etc. rank among the top in China in promoting the development of charging piles. Among them, the number of charging infrastructure in Beijing ranks first in the country.

point out

Install household charging piles

Contact the property first.

With the upsurge of buying new energy vehicles, users’ attention to household charging piles has gradually increased. In this regard, some new energy riders summed up the installation tips of household charging piles and pointed out that before the installation process begins, the first step is very important, that is, contacting the property company to determine whether the residential area has the relevant conditions for the installation of charging piles.

According to reports, at present, the general rule for installing charging piles is to require parking spaces with their own property rights. In addition, some properties are not suitable for installing charging piles because of their early construction. If charging piles are installed, additional equipment and lines need to be updated and invested, so it is necessary to communicate with the properties in advance.

In the second step, professional construction personnel are required to conduct on-the-spot investigation, evaluation and measurement, and choose the best installation location according to the actual situation of the owner, so that a lot of expenses can be saved during installation. The third step requires the owner to provide relevant materials. Finally, after the construction scheme is determined, it can be actually installed. "According to the conditions of each community and the location of the garage, the construction time is different. Some of them only take two hours to complete, and some may take a whole day to complete the construction. Generally speaking, it will not be too complicated." Relevant riders said. This group/reporter Ren Xiaoyuan

　　On Tuesday, local time, the optimism of the market overshadowed the hawkish attitude of Fed officials, and US stocks continued to rise. The S&P Dow rose for seven consecutive days, hitting a seven-week high, while the Nasdaq rose for eight consecutive days, and the Nasdaq and S&P both rose for the longest consecutive day in two years. Technology stocks continued to exert their strength. Amazon rose more than 2%, leading the blue-chip technology stocks, and both Microsoft rose for eight consecutive days, and Microsoft hit a record high.

　　It is worth mentioning that,Long-term US bond yields continue to fall.It also helped the stock market to rise. Among them, the yield of 10-year US bonds fell by 8 basis points again on Tuesday. Tuesday’s auction of $48 billion of three-year Treasury bonds by the US Treasury Department was better than the previous performances, no.The real test will be the demand for long-term US debt auctions on Wednesday and Thursday..

　　After the Fed meeting, internal officials began to deploy intensively. Yesterday, many officials poured cold water on the market doves’ expectations. Among them, Federal Reserve Governor Bowman and Minneapolis Fed President Kashkali both made hawkish speeches, mentioning that the Fed may still raise interest rates in the future.Officials generally say that inflation is still too high, and fighting inflation is the top priority. Many people mentioned that the rising bond market yield led to the tightening of the financial environment.

　　Some analysts pointed out that it has reached an important turning point, and the market realized that the Fed’s actions have ended, and its concerns and worries about inflation have ended. Next, there will be a large-scale rise in stocks and debts. However, it should be noted that by observing the speeches of officials,Obviously, we are still worried about inflation, because there is still a long way to go before the Fed’s 2% target.Be wary of inflation rebound.

　　In terms of individual stocks, on Tuesday (November 7th) local time, Mark Gurman, a well-known Apple whistleblower, recently wrote that Apple rarely suspended the development of software updates for devices such as iPhone, iPad and Mac next year, so as to focus on troubleshooting existing codes.

　　According to several people familiar with the matter, Apple announced this decision to employees last week, with the aim of helping to maintain quality control after a large number of loopholes appeared in the earlier version. They added that the task of engineers now is not to add new functions, but to fix defects and improve the performance of software.

　　Gourmain wrote that the latest round of software development didn’t go well. When looking at the operating system scheduled to be released next year, the software engineering management team found that there were too many "escapes" that were not detected in the internal test. Therefore, it was decided to suspend the development of all new functions for one week to fix related vulnerabilities.

　　In addition, Hindenburg, the big bear, has a new prey, and this time it is also a Chinese stock market. On Tuesday, local time, Hindenburg, an American short-selling organization, published a short-selling report on eVTOL concept stock Yihang Intelligent, questioning the company’s capital reserve, technical strength and the authenticity of orders. Affected by this, Yihang Intelligent ADR closed down 12.70% on Tuesday.

　　In response to this situation, Yihang Intelligent also announced in the early hours of Wednesday that the report released by Hindenburg contained false statements and misunderstandings about the company’s business operation and financial status. This report highlights short sellers’ careless and incomplete understanding of the industry and business operations.

　　In terms of crude oil energy, as the weak global economic data overshadowed the concern that the Israeli-Hamas war might erupt into a wider regional conflict, international oil prices plummeted, and both oil prices hit new lows since July 24th. WTI crude oil closed down 4.69% to 77.08 USD/barrel; Brent crude oil closed down 4.40% to $81.40/barrel. EIA’s short-term energy outlook report shows thatThe growth rate of global crude oil demand in 2023 will be lowered by 300,000 barrels per day to 1.46 million barrels per day (previously 1.76 million barrels per day)..

　　The Fed’s expectation of raising interest rates in the future also suppressed oil prices..

　　[overnight U.S. stocks]

　　Among the large-scale Chinese stocks, Alibaba rose 0.06%, Baidu fell 0.36%, Netease rose 0.23%, Tencent Music fell 1.33%, and Pinduoduo rose 2.09%.

　　Among the large US technology stocks, Apple rose 1.45%, Amazon rose 2.13%, Google A rose 0.55% and Netflix fell 0.03%.

　　[global index]

　　In the European stock market, the FTSE 100 index in Britain fell slightly by 0.10% to 7410 points. The French CAC40 index fell slightly by 0.39% to 6986 points. Germany DAX index rose slightly by 0.11% to 15,153 points.

　　[global goods]

　　The main contract of Brent crude oil closed at $81.41 per barrel, down 4.43%; The main contract of crude oil in the previous period closed at 610.40 yuan per barrel overnight, down 4.48%.

　　Overnight, the Shanghai gold main contract closed down 0.51% to 472.68 yuan per gram; The main contract of Shanghai Bank closed down 1.43% to 5771.00 yuan per kilogram.

　　[overnight news]

　　Fed officials are expected to raise interest rates intensively.

　　Minneapolis Fed President Kashkali: If necessary, the Fed will take more measures on interest rates. FOMC did not discuss the content of interest rate cuts. Chicago Fed President goolsbee: If the yield of long-term government bonds remains at a high level, it is likely to be equivalent to tightening policies. The primary task of changing the interest rate stance is the progress of inflation; Federal Reserve Governor Bowman: It is still expected that further interest rate hikes are needed. Dallas Fed President Logan: Inflation is still too high, and the data seems to be moving in the direction of 3% instead of 2%. Federal Reserve Governor Waller: Q3 economy is booming, and the Federal Reserve is paying close attention to this situation. The soaring yield of 10-year US bonds is an "earthquake".

　　Atlanta Federal Reserve sharply raised its fourth-quarter GDP forecast for the United States.

　　The Atlanta Fed’s GDPNow model predicts that the GDP growth rate of the United States will be 2.1% in the fourth quarter, compared with the previous forecast of 1.2%.

　　The year-on-year decline in PPI in the euro zone in September was the highest in history.

　　In September, the PPI of the euro zone dropped by 12.4% year-on-year, the highest in history, but the chain increase exceeded expectations. The year-on-year decline in PPI was mainly due to the sharp drop in energy prices, which fell by 31.3% in September.

　　European Central Bank warns: "Shore-friendly outsourcing" of supply chain may push up inflation

　　A survey released by the European Central Bank on Monday showed that geopolitical tensions are prompting more multinational companies to respond to the "Friend-shoring" strategy, but this may push up inflation. Friendly shore outsourcing is a diplomatic and trade strategy put forward by the United States, which requires enterprises to shift their supply chain to allies and friendly countries. While implementing it, the United States is also actively selling this concept to its allies, including the European Union.

　　The European Central Bank surveyed 65 enterprises, and the total added value of the interviewed enterprises was equivalent to about 5% of the EU GDP. Among them, 42% enterprises claim that they will increasingly produce more goods in friendly countries’ markets, but more enterprises (60%) said that changes in supply chain and production location have pushed up prices in the past five years.

　　[company news]

　　Musk painted "New Cake": A chip for visually impaired people will be launched in a few years.

　　The world’s richest man recently said that his Neuralink is developing a visual chip, which is expected to be completed in a few years. This is their next research field after helping people who have lost the connection between body and brain to realize telepathy by mobile phone/computer. They are waiting for the regulatory authorities to approve our first human subject.

　　Shared office star fell WeWork filed for bankruptcy Softbank Masayoshi Son left a huge loss of $11.5 billion in black history.

　　When Softbank led a round of financing in 2019, WeWork reached the peak of its valuation of $47 billion. Now, when we filed for bankruptcy protection, WeWork’s liabilities were nearly $19 billion and its assets were nearly $15.1 billion. Since its listing, its share price has plummeted by 98%, and its market value was less than $45 million on Monday, leaving Softbank with an estimated equity loss of more than $11.5 billion and an uncertain debt of $2.2 billion. According to the commentary, WeWork’s impact on Sun Zhengyi’s professional reputation far exceeds the loss of money.

　　Apple is said to have delayed the development of new iPhone, iPad and Mac software next year.

　　Too many bugs are rarely stopped, and Apple is said to delay the development of new iPhone, iPad and Mac software next year. Apple’s suspension aims to fix defects and improve software performance. The suspension also affects the operating system updates of Apple Watch and mixed reality head-mounted Vision Pro, but it seems that the actual release time of the software will not be delayed at present.

　　Hindenburg "short-selling attack" Yihang Intelligent official response

　　On Tuesday, local time, Hindenburg, an American short-selling organization, published a short-selling report on eVTOL concept stock Yihang Intelligent, questioning the company’s capital reserve, technical strength and the authenticity of orders. Affected by this, Yihang Intelligent ADR closed down 12.70% on Tuesday.

　　In response to this situation, Yihang Intelligent also announced in the early hours of Wednesday that the report released by Hindenburg contained false statements and misunderstandings about the company’s business operation and financial status. This report highlights short sellers’ careless and incomplete understanding of the industry and business operations. Yihang Intelligent emphasizes that the accumulated orders and advance orders received by the company in the past reflect the strong interest and real demand of customers for the company’s eVTOL products. These orders are based on signed contracts and are scheduled to be delivered according to customer requirements after obtaining regulatory approval.

　　Intel is expected to win a big US anti-chip bill.

　　Intel, an American chip company, rose 2.16% on Tuesday, leading the Dow component stocks. The U.S. government may allocate $3-4 billion to Intel for the production of chip security facilities for U.S. military and intelligence applications. In addition, Intel CEO Kissinger also said on Tuesday that the company is achieving "five processes in four years" as planned, and the 18A node is expected to be put into trial production early next year.

　　Rivian’s annual capacity guidance is better than expected, ending the exclusive supply agreement with Amazon.

　　After the close of trading on Tuesday, Rivian, a concept stock of electric trucks, disclosed that Q3 achieved revenue of $1.34 billion and adjusted loss per share of $1.19, both better than market expectations. According to the company, Q3 produced a record 16,304 vehicles at its production facilities in Illinois in the fiscal quarter, and expects to produce 54,000 vehicles throughout the year, which is higher than the previous expected delivery of 52,000 vehicles. At the same time, the company announced that it has suspended the exclusive supply agreement to Amazon, and then it can sell vans to third parties. Affected by this, Rivian once rose more than 5% after hours.

　　[financial calendar]

The blue word cultural industry reviews above the point pay attention to and star the standard.

Recently, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) intensively issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Network Micro-short Plays and Implementing the Creation Promotion Plan (click for me to view) and the Opinions on Promoting the Prosperity and Development of Short Plays (click for me to view), making policy adjustments to micro-short plays and short plays. At present, the competition among major platforms for miniseries has entered the stage of deep involution, and seven video platforms, namely Aauto Quicker, Tik Tok, Youku, Tencent, Mango TV, bilibili and iQiyi, have entered the game one after another. This paper focuses on the introduction of micro-short plays on the heads of major platforms for friends to grasp the current development of micro-short plays.

author　| Professor Zhao Hui, National Social Science Art Project "Current Status, Problems, Countermeasures and Development Trends of Miniature Plays" Team: Zhao Hui, Tian Yawen, Wang Sihan, Bao Yan, Lin Yijia.

read and edit　| Time

edit　| Peninsula

source　| Media No.1 (ID: zcfhxy)

Micro-short plays have entered the stage of deep involution, and various platforms have entered the game one after another, showing the appearance of a hundred flowers blooming.

In terms of short video platform, Aauto Quicker was the first to enter the game, with emotion, youth, family and comedy taking turns, followed by Tik Tok, who poked the pain point of life with content and paid attention to humanistic care. In terms of long video platform, Youku has always been the leader in word-of-mouth and quantity. Tencent has built a very aesthetic theater with ten points, Mango TV emphasizes quality, and short plays frequently appear in circles. bilibili has taken the road of creative brain-burning early, and Iqiyi finally joined and is catching up.

After experiencing brutal growth and fierce competition, short plays will eventually embark on the road of quality and diversification.

Aauto Quicker: Four major content tracks take turns to debut.

Since 2019, the number of short plays in Aauto Quicker has reached 12,000, and the number of short plays with the head star has exceeded 350. According to the summary data of Aauto Quicker Short Plays page, 203 short plays were launched from January to August in 2022, with sweet pets, ancient customs and families dominating.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 26, 2022.

By the end of 2021, among the 240+ short plays of Aauto Quicker Xingmang, more than 100 plays have exceeded 100 million, and there are more head contents such as "princess royal Up" with 350 million+plays and "Ten Thousand Slags in the Phoenix" with 420 million+plays. According to the data of Milan, from 2021 to 2022, Aauto Quicker’s short plays TOP5 were princess royal on the Top, Remarriage, Women’s Awakening, All Slags in the Morning, My Pride and Grandfather, all of which were love themes.

The four main content tracks of Aauto Quicker Xingmang short play are urban emotion, family empathy, youth inspirational and comedy. Comparing the content creation in January-March with that in April-July, we will find that the content of urban emotion is gradually declining, and more creators tend to try youth inspirational and comedy. In addition, the family empathy track has become the focus of Aauto Quicker’s short plays, and Nian Sa, Cheng Feng, Hutong Er and The Uneven Bowl of Water are broken because they are close to users’ lives.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022.

　

Tik Tok: Drama has gravity to release humanistic care.

Compared with Aauto Quicker, the short play track in Tik Tok started late. In 2021, Tik Tok launched a new plan. In June 2022, Tik Tok integrated and upgraded the original plan, and launched a drama gravity plan. According to the different types of creators, three tracks were built, namely, Dou+, Fenzhang and Drama Star. By August, 2022, there were 267 short plays on Tik Tok Platform in 2021-2022, with a wide range of themes, mainly urban, magical and emotional. # Tik Tok’s video content related to short plays has exceeded 30 billion.

△ Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022

According to the data of Milan, from 2021 to 2022, the short drama TOP5 on the Tik Tok platform was Night Diary, Confessions of an Evil Woman, My Landlord and Grandma, Your Motherhood Series 2 in the Future, and Strange Writer, which covered pension issues, doctor-patient disputes and real life pain points, and its content creation was full of humanistic care.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022.

Tencent: Very theater, very aesthetic.

In December, 2021, Tencent released the Ten Theater, covering the drama content of comedy season, suspense season, national wind season, interactive season and other categories, marking the new stage of Tencent video’s exploration of the quality of micro-short dramas.

Previously, Tencent had begun to lay out mini-dramas and achieved good results. According TOP5 statistics from Milan, in 2021, the influences of Tencent’s mini-short plays were Dream, Brother, Please Follow the Script, Roll the Pinion, Give You My Exclusive Favor, The Little Fox Fairy of the General’s Family, with more than 20,000 online media reports, 303,000 mentions by Weibo and 320 million hits by Tencent.

In the short drama influence TOP5 from January to August 2022, "Please! Don’t spoil me achieved a score of 30 million+,with 1,886 articles reported by online media, 73,000 mentioned by Weibo and 460 million hits by Tencent. In addition, the sub-accounts of "Datang Snacks" exceeded 15 million, and the sub-accounts of "Wife’s Counter-offensive" and "Give You My Exclusive Favor" exceeded 10 million, all of which achieved good results.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2021-December 31, 2021.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022.

Youku: Leading word of mouth, quantity first.

Youku launched the short drama business in 2019 and has always been a leader in word-of-mouth and commercialization. In September, 2021, Youku released a plan to boost short drama, which built a bridge of cooperation between short drama producers and major literary animation IP platforms, and participated in the project creation in the form of investment and accounting.

According to statistics from Milan, the number of short plays of Youku ranks first among the five platforms, and its quality and influence are also in the forefront. In 2021, in the TOP5 of Youku’s miniseries, Weibo mentioned 390,000 pieces of Heartbeat Love, and Weibo played it 486,000 times. From the layout to the frequent head works, and then to the new exploration of profit model, Youku has explored a development path of parallel development and integration with the industry in the long-term practice, which shows the determination of Youku platform to continue to invest in micro-short dramas.

In 2022, Youku’s short plays continued to exert their strength, adhering to the fundamental principle that content is the best quality, staying awake and insisting on content first. According to the statistics of Meilande, among the top five influential short plays of Youku in 2022, Don’t Run Wild with My Sister and I Haven’t seen the Only Daughter, all reached a high online volume, with 1,299 and 2,300 online media reports respectively, and Don’t Run Wild with My Sister reached 5 million in the first round.

It can be seen that Youku focuses on and even creates user needs in content creation, expanding sporadic explosions and fine products into normalized, characteristic and high-quality mass-produced content, creating unique advantages and forming core competitiveness. Take "The Maid of a Thousand Daughters" jointly produced by Youku and Datang Star as an example. This drama won tens of millions of points with millions of investments. The reason is that it completed a series of thoughts on users, focus and track with the platform at the creative stage. From the selling point in the early stage, the male actor Su moved to create it, and to the platform giving accurate second suggestions on drama logic and production details in the later stage, Youku has formed a set of effective micro-short dramas in the long-term exploration.

　

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2021-December 31, 2021.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022.

Mango TV: strict quality control and diverse elements.

Mango TV devotes itself to creating Damang short plays, with love women as the main theme, and sweet pet plays as the mainstream, introducing fresh elements such as script killing, infinite flow, quick wear, etc. to avoid the homogenization of similar themes. For example, suspense elements are added to "The Woman Who Can’t Raid" to strengthen the story, and the fantasy setting is added to "The Queen of the Attack" to tell the story of the routine of chasing the wife crematorium.

Different from Tencent’s sweet pet short plays, mangoes are mostly customized, and the opinions of the platform are highly weighted, and strict quality control has achieved good results. In 2022, Mango TV launched the explosion of "Ignorance", with Douban score as high as 7, and the cumulative broadcast volume was nearly 600 million in the case of basically zero announcement.

In November 2022, Damang Project Studio reached a strategic cooperation with Tomato Fiction and Minimum Aperture Film, aiming at integrating the advantages of the three parties, building an industrial chain and promoting the symbiosis and mutual benefit of high-quality literary works and film and television dramas. It is reported that the Damang Project Studio and Tomato Fiction will jointly create 10 short plays, which will be produced by Minimum Aperture Films, among which "Lost in Ignorance 2" will be included, and drama series and novels will be launched simultaneously, so that drama series and online literature will collide with each other, transform each other, and maximize the volume and value of IP.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2021-December 31, 2021.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022.

Bilibili: The Road to Creative Brain Burning

Although bilibili was a latecomer to the short play, his main light theater showed the characteristics of differentiation from the beginning. The works in the light theater tend to be younger as a whole, and almost all the contents are highly related to the current popular culture. The creativity with wide brain holes is often used to enhance the audience’s sense of gain.

In the first season of Light Theater, the masterpiece "Night Cat Express’s Dark Night Dream" and "Catch the Horse Detective", the former was shortlisted in the official short drama competition unit of Cannes International TV Festival, which is an urban fantasy story with metaphorical style, while the latter was located in the story of sand sculpture, with a large number of movie stalks such as Infernal Affairs and New never to lose added in style, and even bilibili’s characteristic stalks such as entrance examination and invitation code appeared.

In 2022, The Studio Diary, the opening work of the second season of Light Theater, went online, and landed on the hot list of Tik Tok and Zhihu and the hot post of Douban for many times. The broadcast volume of Tik Tok topic exceeded 160 million, and the total broadcast volume of bilibili exceeded 44.598 million. Sir, I want to calculate a divination, There is a peach blossom next door, and Struggle for the Dragon’s Sky, followed closely. In only two years of exploration, bilibili’s mini-plays showed uniqueness.

　

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2021-December 31, 2021.

△ Data source: Milan Communication Consulting Video Network Communication Monitoring and Research Database Data monitoring time: January 1, 2022-August 7, 2022.

Iqiyi: the new entrant of short play

Comparatively speaking, the micro-short drama creation of iQiyi platform is in a backward state among the five long video platforms. However, on November 10, 2022, iQiyi officially released the cooperation mode of network micro-short drama. For the upstream micro-short drama creators, a series with a single episode of 2 to 15 minutes and complete and coherent content can be launched on the iQiyi platform through the mode of member payment and accounting or CPM advertising. Among them, the content of a single episode with a duration of 2 to 10 minutes adopts CPM advertising accounting mode; For the content with a duration of 10 to 15 minutes in a single episode, the mode of member payment and accounting +CPM advertising accounting is adopted. In terms of the distribution of income from the payment of members, iQiyi continues the revenue statistics and sharing mechanism of the superposition of the new members, the effective viewing time of members and the advertising income, which have been applied in the online drama market, and at the same time opens seven-terminal data to the film. Aiqiyi’s inclusion of online miniseries in the platform accounting mode means that Aiqiyi hopes to attract more excellent content creators to produce diversified content, and the creators and viewers of miniseries will be able to achieve more fair and efficient content creation and consumption support.

The long video platform also actively seeks innovative development of drama forms with traditional satellite TV and other audio-visual platforms. For example, Tencent’s video and satellite TV resources are integrated to carry out drama reform with short band and long band, and Mango TV and Himalaya jointly launched the first domestic audio-video dual-platform simulcast short drama "The Rumor of Doctor Lu", and Youku’s multi-angle interactive short drama "When I Wake Up" is based on itself and pays attention to young positive energy users, and has made more explorations on the boundaries of micro-short dramas.

　　

　　Since the beginning of this year, the prudent monetary policy has been precise and powerful, intensified countercyclical adjustment, effectively served the real economy, effectively prevented and controlled financial risks, and promoted the overall recovery of China’s economy. Next, how to implement the decision-making arrangements of the Central Financial Work Conference and provide high-quality financial services for economic and social development? How to better prevent and resolve financial risks? Our reporter interviewed Pan Gongsheng, Party Secretary and President of the People’s Bank of China and Party Secretary and Director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.

　　Monetary policy strongly supports the development of the real economy.

　　Reporter: The Central Financial Work Conference held a few days ago has made arrangements for the current and future financial work. How will the People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange implement them?

　　Pan Gongsheng: The People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange will thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the important speech delivered by the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the Central Financial Work Conference and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, formulate implementation plans, and systematically plan key tasks and ideas and measures in the future.

　　First, adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee over financial work. The Party’s leadership should run through all aspects and the whole process of the work of the People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, improve the system and mechanism of the Party’s financial management, and transform the political and institutional advantages of the Party’s leadership into the effectiveness of financial governance.

　　The second is to adhere to the fundamental purpose of financial services to the real economy. Improve the framework of modern monetary policy with China characteristics, always maintain the stability of monetary policy, pay more attention to cross-cycle and counter-cycle adjustment, enrich the monetary policy toolbox, and create a good monetary and financial environment for stabilizing prices, promoting economic growth, expanding employment and maintaining the balance of payments.

　　Third, adhere to overall development and security, prevent and resolve major financial risks, and maintain the smooth operation of the financial market.

　　The fourth is to persist in deepening financial reform. Accelerate the construction of a modern central banking system, improve the dual-pillar regulatory framework of monetary policy and macro-prudential policy, deepen the market-oriented reform of interest rates and exchange rates, and deepen the structural reform of the financial supply side.

　　The fifth is to expand the high-level two-way opening of finance. We will steadily and prudently promote the internationalization of RMB, deepen the reform and opening up in the foreign exchange field, promote the facilitation of trade, investment and financing, steadily expand the institutional opening of financial markets, and actively participate in international financial governance.

　　Reporter: What measures has the People’s Bank of China taken this year to support the real economy? How effective are these measures?

　　Pan Gongsheng: Since the beginning of this year, the monetary policy has been adjusted countercyclically, and the tools of aggregate and structure, quantity and price have been used as a whole, which has more strongly supported the development of the real economy. At present, the total amount of money and credit has maintained rapid growth, the credit structure has been continuously optimized, and the interest rate of corporate loans is at a low level, which has provided strong and effective support for economic recovery and development.

　　The total amount is reasonable and abundant. At the end of September, the stock of broad money (M2) and social financing scale maintained a rapid growth of about 10% year-on-year. The structure is more optimized. The year-on-year growth rate of small and micro loans of Pratt & Whitney is higher than 20% for four consecutive years, and the number of credit granting households exceeds 60 million, which is double that of the end of 2019. The balance of loans for small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises increased by 23%, the balance of green loans increased by 37%, and the balance of medium and long-term loans for manufacturing industry increased by 38%. The price has been stable and declining. In September, the weighted average interest rate of new corporate loans was 3.82%, which was at a historically low level. The downward adjustment of the interest rate of the first home loan in stock benefited about 50 million families and 150 million people, saving about 170 billion yuan in household interest expenses every year.

　　In the next step, monetary policy will pay more attention to cross-cycle and countercyclical adjustment, balance the relationship between short-term and long-term, steady growth and risk prevention, internal balance and external balance, maintain a reasonable growth in the scale of monetary credit and social financing, continue to increase support for major strategies, key areas and weak links, promote the steady decline of financing costs in the real economy, and strive to create a good monetary and financial environment for the steady growth of the real economy.

　　China’s financial system is sound as a whole, and the financial market is running smoothly.

　　Reporter: At present, what is the overall operation of China’s financial system? What are the key tasks of China People’s Bank in preventing and resolving financial risks?

　　Pan Gongsheng: At present, China’s financial system is sound as a whole, the operating and regulatory indicators of financial institutions are in a reasonable range, and the financial market is running smoothly. By the end of June, the capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan ratio and provision coverage ratio of China commercial banks were 14.7%, 1.62% and 206% respectively. According to the rating results of financial institutions of the People’s Bank of China, the vast majority of banking financial institutions operated steadily.

　　At the same time, we pay close attention to financial risks in some areas.

　　In terms of real estate market, China’s real estate market is currently undergoing structural changes. The central level of housing demand, the transaction structure of the housing market and the industry model are all facing some profound changes. The real estate market is transitioning from incremental market to incremental stock. Generally speaking, the spillover of this process to the financial system is limited, and the real estate financial risks are controllable. Since the beginning of this year, the financial sector has made comprehensive policies from both supply and demand sides, and introduced a number of financial policies to better meet the demand for rigid and improved housing and promote the construction of a new development model for the real estate industry. In the long run, China’s urbanization is still in the development stage, and the demand for improved housing for residents’ families is large, which can provide support for the long-term stable development of the real estate market and industry.

　　In terms of local government debt, on the whole, China’s government debt level is at the middle and lower level in the world. From the structural point of view, the debt burden of the central government is relatively light, and the debt level of most places is not high, and there are more resources and means to resolve the debt. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the prevention and resolution of local debt risks. In accordance with the requirements of the central government’s deployment, recently, the relevant localities have actively raised resources to resolve debts by revitalizing or selling assets, and achieved good results. The financial management department has also taken active actions to guide financial institutions to steadily support and resolve the debt risk of financing platforms through market-oriented methods such as extension, borrowing new ones and replacing old ones, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of financial institutions according to law; At the same time, by establishing a normalized financial debt monitoring mechanism for financing platforms, promoting the market-oriented transformation of financing platforms, we will improve the long-term mechanism to prevent and resolve local debt risks.

　　In addition, the risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions and illegal financial activities still need continuous attention.

　　In the next step, we will adhere to the overall development and security, improve the mechanism of financial risk prevention, early warning and disposal in accordance with the deployment of the Central Financial Work Conference, promote the disposal of financial risks in key areas and key areas in a stable and orderly manner in accordance with the principles of marketization and rule of law, bring all financial activities under supervision according to law, severely crack down on illegal financial activities, promote financial stability legislation, speed up the construction of financial stability guarantee funds, and resolutely hold the bottom line that no systematic financial risks will occur.

　　Reporter: How do you view the current exchange rate situation? How to deal with exchange rate fluctuations?

　　Pan Gongsheng: There are many factors that affect the exchange rate. The first is the economic fundamentals. This is the most fundamental factor. China’s economy continues to pick up, and there is a solid foundation for the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate.

　　The second is the international financial environment. The international market generally believes that the Fed’s interest rate hike is coming to an end, and the spread between China and the United States will gradually converge to the normal range in the future.

　　The third is the investment value and attractiveness of RMB assets. In the medium and long term, with the continuous activation of China’s economic growth momentum and the further opening of the financial market, the investment and hedging properties of RMB assets are highlighted, and RMB assets show good investment value.

　　We are confident and capable of maintaining the stable operation of the foreign exchange market and maintaining the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level. In the next stage, the People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange will make comprehensive measures to stabilize expectations, resolutely prevent unilateral expectations from realizing themselves, resolutely correct market procyclical behaviors, resolutely deal with behaviors that disrupt market order, and resolutely guard against the risk of exchange rate overshoot.

　　Continue to steadily expand institutional opening in the financial sector.

　　Reporter: What progress has been made in financial opening up in recent years? What’s the next step?

　　Pan Gongsheng: In recent years, the People’s Bank of China has actively and orderly expanded the high-level opening of the financial industry.

　　First, the market access of financial services industry has been greatly relaxed. Since 2018, the financial management department has introduced more than 50 measures to open up the financial industry, attracting foreign investment and setting up more than 110 financial institutions in China.

　　Second, actively promote the high-level opening up of the bond market. "Bond Connect" and "Exchange Connect" operated smoothly and efficiently, the investment environment in the bond market continued to be optimized, and the convenience for foreign investors to invest in the market continued to improve.

　　The third is to steadily promote the internationalization of the RMB. As a payment currency, an investment and financing currency and a reserve currency, the function of RMB has been continuously enhanced, and it has initially possessed the network effect of international use, providing more diversified currency choices for domestic and foreign entities.

　　While opening wider to the outside world, we also actively participate in international financial governance. This year, China, the United States and China and Europe set up financial working groups to strengthen communication and cooperation with the United States and Europe on relevant issues in the economic and financial fields.

　　In the next step, the People’s Bank of China will continue to steadily expand the institutional opening of the financial sector in accordance with the unified arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and strive to create a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international first-class business environment. At the same time, adhere to the principle of multilateralism and participate in global economic and financial governance as builders and contributors.

　　Cctv news(Reporter Liu Liang): the State Council Press Office held a press conference on May 22nd. Vice Minister of Commerce Wang Bingnan, Vice Mayor of Beijing Municipal People’s Government wang hong, Director of Service Trade and Business Services Department of Ministry of Commerce Xian Guoyi and Director of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce Yan Ligang introduced the development of China’s service trade and China International Fair for Trade in Services in 2019, and answered questions from reporters.

　　Wang Bingnan introduced at the meeting that the Beijing International Trade Fair will be held in Beijing from May 28th to June 1st. The theme of this year’s Beijing International Trade Fair is "Openness, Innovation, Wisdom and Integration". Enterprises and institutions from 130 countries and regions will hold exhibitions and discuss cooperation in 12 service trade fields. This year’s Beijing International Fair has four characteristics:

　　One isPositioning is more accurate. Giving priority to the development of service trade is an important measure to promote China’s economic transformation and upgrading and high-quality development. Facing the new situation and new tasks, it will promote the positioning of Beijing International Trade Fair. Beijing International Trade Fair is positioned as a "service trade exhibition with global influence". Focusing on this new orientation, the China (Beijing) International Service Trade Fair will be renamed as China International Fair for Trade in Services from this session. After the renaming, the Beijing International Trade Fair will devote itself to building brands, expanding its influence and leading the innovative development of global and China service trade.

　　The second isFaster frequency. Starting from this year, the Beijing International Trade Fair will be adjusted from biennial to annual, which is rare in large-scale foreign-related mechanism exhibitions other than China International Import Expo and ASEAN Expo.

　　The third isOn a larger scale. This year, the exhibition area of Beijing International Trade Fair has greatly increased from 50,000 square meters in the past to 150,000 square meters. It is also the first time to try to set up a number of sub-venues, and fully incorporate Beijing’s important landmarks and functional facilities such as CBD, Forbidden City and Financial Street into the overall resources of Beijing International Trade Fair, fully demonstrating the development characteristics and broad space of Beijing’s service industry and service trade.

　　The fourth isThe level of internationalization is higher. According to the new orientation of "global influence", the Beijing International Fair has invited a wide range of domestic and foreign political and business representatives and merchants to participate in the exhibition, which has received positive response from the international community. The number of countries and regions participating in the Beijing International Fair has greatly increased compared with the previous year, with broad international representation. A total of 21 international organizations and 130 countries and regions participated in the exhibition, among which countries and regions with the top 30 service trade volume in the world and countries that have signed service trade cooperation agreements with China will participate in the exhibition. Thailand will be the guest country of this Beijing International Fair.

　　Wang hong introduced the progress of Beijing’s preparations. She said that the 2019 Beijing International Trade Fair will focus onScience and technology, culture, health, businessAnd other service fields, and strive to play an active role in leading the global service industry and service trade in frontier concepts, advanced technologies, innovations and industry standards.

　　The conference adopted "One master and many assistants."Way, set up a main venue and 10 sub-venues, hold about 150,000 square meters of exhibitions and 236 forum meetings, including more than 100 forum meetings such as global service trade summit, international forums, industry conferences and special forums, and more than 100 negotiation and trading activities such as country promotion, provincial and municipal promotion and industry negotiation.

　　The main venue is located in the National Convention Center and the surrounding Olympic Celebration Square and Beijing International Convention Center, and the sub-venues are located in Wangfujing Commercial Street in Dongcheng, Financial Street in Xicheng, CBD in Chaoyang, Zhongguancun in Haidian, Shougang Park in Shijingshan, Beijing City Sub-center in Tongzhou, Huitian District in Changping, Jing ‘anzhuang Pavilion in China International Exhibition Center, Shunyi New Pavilion and Palace Museum.

　　Wang hong said that up to now, the preparations for this Beijing International Fair are progressing smoothly. Ninety-eight of the 131 countries that signed the "One Belt, One Road" cooperation document with China participated in the exhibition.

　　Thirty-one provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, five cities with separate plans and Shenyang participated in the exhibition, and Fujian Province was the guest province of this Beijing International Fair.

　　It has been confirmed that three former foreign politicians, 12 heads of international organizations and foreign ministerial guests attended the meeting, and one academician of the European Academy of Sciences, four academicians of the China Academy of Engineering, two academicians of the China Academy of Sciences and more than 300 well-known experts, scholars and entrepreneurs attended the meeting and delivered speeches.

　　At present, a total of 7,998 enterprises and institutions participated in the exhibition, including 1,690 exhibitors and 6,308 participants. Among these enterprises, there are 614 multinational companies and well-known enterprises in the industry and 63 Fortune 500 companies. In addition, there will be 36,000 merchants and representatives, more than 150 media and more than 500 media reporters.

　　The 2019 Beijing International Trade Fair is about to kick off, and we look forward to this wonderful service trade event to promote high-level cooperation and development of international service trade.

　　CCTV News:When eating, we can always hear people around us say enthusiastically, "Eat while it’s hot!" I don’t know that behind such a small detail, there is a huge health hazard.

　　As the saying goes, from the mouth, esophageal cancer is a tumor closely related to diet. China is a country with a high incidence of esophageal cancer, with about 250 thousand newly diagnosed cases every year, ranking first in the world in incidence. About 300,000 people in the world die of esophageal cancer every year, and China accounts for about half of them, that is, 150,000 people.

　　In addition to genetic factors, clinical research shows that among patients with esophageal cancer, those who usually like hot food and drink account for more than 90%.

　　Authoritative experts reveal five wrong ways of eating "disease from mouth". Get rid of these eating habits from this meal!

　　Five ways to eat esophageal cancer

　　1. Eat and drink while it is hot

　　Chinese pays attention to eating food while it is hot, especially in Fujian and Chaoshan, Guangdong, where residents like to drink kung fu tea and eat raw porridge.

　　The normal tolerance temperature of esophageal mucosa is 40℃~50℃, and beyond this range, it is easy to be damaged, resulting in mechanical damage such as breakage and ulceration.

　　Although mucosal epithelium has the function of proliferation and repair, it will recover itself after injury, but long-term repeated stimulation will lead to chronic mucosal injury, which may induce cancer.

　　Eating too fast will make food unable to be chewed fully, and coarse food will easily damage esophageal mucosa epithelium and cause acute inflammation. Over time, acute inflammation is likely to form chronic inflammation, increasing the risk of esophageal cancer.

　　3, no spicy and unhappy

　　Although there is no definite evidence that eating Chili peppers can induce esophageal cancer, there are still studies showing that eating too much Chili peppers is related to an increased risk of cancer.

　　Indian studies have found that Chili powder increases the risk of esophageal cancer by 1-2 times. Too spicy food is easy to damage esophageal epithelium, cause epithelial cell degeneration, cause mucosal inflammation, affect cell nucleic acid metabolism, increase the sensitivity of carcinogens, and may promote esophageal carcinogenesis.

　　Northern Sichuan, which loves Chili, is also one of the areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer in China.

　　4, like to eat pickled, smoked, barbecue food.

　　Pickling will obviously increase the nitrite in food, especially when the salt content is low or the temperature is higher than 20℃, which will increase the nitrite content in vegetables. The higher the nitrite content, the greater the carcinogenicity.

　　Residents in areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer, such as eastern Guangdong and southern Fujian, love pickled foods such as pickles and fish and shrimp sauce. In addition, barbecue, smoked food and fried food also contain a lot of nitrite.

　　5. Excessive drinking

　　Studies have shown that although there is no carcinogen in alcohol, it will stimulate the esophageal mucosa and cause damage, especially the high-concentration liquor above 60 degrees has more obvious damage to the esophageal mucosa.

　　Foreign research shows that about 60% of patients with esophageal cancer are alcoholics. A study by Delong University in Sweden found that if men over 45 drink less or even don’t drink, the risk of esophageal cancer will drop by 50%.

　　Prevention of esophageal cancer starts with keeping your mouth shut.

　　To prevent esophageal cancer, the main thing is to keep your mouth shut:

　　First of all, eat fresh food, try to stay away from pickled, smoked and grilled food, and eat less spicy food. Mala Tang, hot pot, barbecue, etc. are often hot and spicy, and it is not recommended to eat them often.

　　Secondly, eat less food and drinks that are too hot, and drink soup and tea when it is cooler.

　　Again, eat slowly, with 20~30 minutes is appropriate.

　　Finally, don’t store too much food and eat rotten food.

　　Eating more food properly can help prevent esophageal cancer;

　　For example, compared with people who eat less whole grains, people who eat more whole grains have a lower risk of esophageal cancer by about 45%.

　　Vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage and radish contain some beneficial substances, which can reduce the risk of esophageal cancer and other cancers.

　　 Epidemiological investigation shows that the increased intake of green leafy vegetables will reduce the risk of various cancers, including esophageal cancer.

　　Five Early Symptoms of Esophageal Cancer

　　The postoperative effect of early esophageal cancer is 90%. It is suggested that those with the above-mentioned bad eating habits and those with family history of esophageal cancer should pay attention to the following signals:

　　Choke feeling, often feel choked after eating the first bite of food, can disappear by itself, and reappear after a period of time, so it is easy to be mistaken for pharyngitis. This is one of the most common early symptoms of esophageal cancer.

　　Foreign body sensation in throat, dysphagia or foreign body sensation in esophagus, which can’t be swallowed or vomited.

　　Chest discomfort, such as fullness or slight pain behind the sternum, is intermittent or aggravated after fatigue and fast eating.

　　Lower esophageal cancer can cause hiccups, indigestion and other stomach symptoms.

　　After eating, the food is stagnant, but I always feel that I have not swallowed it.

● Improving the quality of China-Europe international supply chain alliance will cooperate in four aspects: promoting the high-quality operation of China-Europe trains, connecting different tracks, integrating documents and property rights, and developing multimodal transport by land, sea and air.

● Incrementally build an open logistics channel connecting China Unicom inland, radiating South Asia and Southeast Asia, and rely on the "Sichuan" train in 2021 to promote the construction of a new international trade pattern of "buying Sichuan and selling the whole world"

Chengdu international trains have accumulated more than 10,000 trains, ranking first in the country for four consecutive years. Next, how to deepen high-quality development? Recently, the third "Asia-Europe" Global Partner Conference held in Chengdu gave the answer.

Upgrading   International supply chain alliance shares dividends

What is a supply chain? "I personally understand that all of you present at today’s meeting are from banks, foreign trade enterprises, foreign railways, railway stations, governments, customs, etc., and are a supply chain service system of China-Europe trains." Zhang Xu, deputy general manager of Chengdu International Railway Port Investment Development Co., Ltd. believes that an important direction for the future development of China-Europe trains is the supply chain.

At the conference site, the China-Europe International Supply Chain Alliance was formally established. The alliance, in conjunction with the Trans-Eurasian International Transport Coordination Committee and china international freight forwarders association, organized international railway organizers such as Korea Railway Corporation, Chengdu Customs, freight forwarders, financial services institutions, Chongqing, Xi ‘an and other major domestic China-Europe train operators to carry out pragmatic cooperation in four aspects: promoting the high-quality operation of China-Europe trains, connecting different tracks, integrating documents and property rights, and developing multimodal transport by land, sea and air.

"The establishment of the alliance will accelerate the spillover effect of the channel." Ji Shouwen, a professor and doctoral supervisor at Beijing Jiaotong University, said that the National Development and Reform Commission’s "Research on the High-quality Development Ideas of China-Europe Trains" was the project leader.

How to reflect the spillover effect? Ji Shouwen pointed out that China-Europe trains promote the innovation of international supply chain operation mode, and mainly form three service chains: "train+park", "train+industry" and "train+trade".

Among them, the "train+park" service chain is based on the train, building various logistics industrial parks at home and abroad, and promoting the agglomeration of resource elements in the park. "CEIBS (Chengdu) promotes the transformation of Qingbaijiang old industrial zone into a’ smart industry city’ and develops three leading industries, namely’ basic smart industry, smart manufacturing industry and smart service industry’. It is estimated that the output value will reach 80 billion yuan in 2025." Ji Shouwen introduced that the "train+industry" service chain attracts advanced manufacturing and scarce resource processing industries to settle in cities, and at the same time promotes the "Belt and Road" international capacity cooperation. "Siemens’ second digital factory outside Chengdu is proof." He pointed out that the "train+trade" service chain can promote the development of international trade of featured products and promote the construction of regional international trade centers and cross-border e-commerce trading centers.

Increment   Accelerated expansion of international and domestic markets

"In the first three quarters of this year, ASEAN has become China’s largest trading partner. With the completion of China-Laos Railway in 2021, the China-Myanmar Railway has been accelerated. It is expected that it will reach Vientiane, Laos and Yangon, Myanmar in the fastest three days, radiating ASEAN and the market space of China-Europe train (Chengdu) will also be further expanded." At the conference site, the relevant person in charge of Chengdu International Railway Port Management Committee is highly looking forward to the future development.

How to seize the opportunity?

On the same day, Chengdu International Railway Port Investment and Development Co., Ltd., Yunnan Intercontinental Train Logistics Co., Ltd. and Laos Moding Special Economic Zone Development Group Co., Ltd. joined hands to sign a strategic cooperation agreement: jointly build a southbound railway intermodal passage, create an open logistics passage connecting the inland, radiating South Asia and Southeast Asia, and promote economic and trade exchanges between Sichuan, Laos and Myanmar. In the future, the three parties will further build an integrated multimodal transport information platform, support and promote the docking of logistics information systems, realize the service functions of railway maintenance and inquiry, and accelerate the integrated development.

In addition, representatives from 12 cities (states) including Luzhou, Ziyang, Deyang and Guangyuan jointly started the "Sichuan" train in 2021. "The origin of the China-Europe train’ Sichuan’ will promote the construction of a new international trade pattern of" buying Sichuan and selling the whole world "." Zheng Quanfeng, director of Chengdu International Railway Port Management Committee, said.

According to the statistics of Chengdu International Railway Port, China-Europe trains (Chengdu) have accumulated more than 6,000 trains, driving the province’s import and export trade by more than 10 billion US dollars annually, serving more than 10,000 domestic and foreign enterprises, and the degree of integration with local industries is as high as 67%. (Reporter   Chen Hao   Chen Bihong)

　　According to media reports, on September 23, He Keng, deputy director of the 11th NPC Financial and Economic Committee and former deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said at the 2023 China Real Economy Development Conference, "There is an oversupply of real estate now.How many vacant houses are there? The figures estimated by experts vary greatly.1.4 billion people may not be able to live.. It is unwise for so many vacant houses to vigorously develop real estate, so in this case, real estate enterprises must transform, transform early and take the initiative. "

　　There has been endless discussion about how many houses there are in China and how many houses are vacant. In fact, in recent years, many institutions have published relevant research reports. For example, in 2017, CICC’s "Counting the Housing Stock in China" stated that at the end of 2017, housing vacancy rate in a broad sense and a narrow sense in China were 16.9% and 12.1% respectively, of which 14.7% and 9.7% were in urban areas.

　　Southwestern University of Finance and Economics’s "Analysis of Vacancy of Urban Housing in China in 2017" said: In 2017, the urban area of housing vacancy rate in China was 21.4%.

　　In August last year, a survey report on vacant housing in RealData drew people’s attention back to the topic of housing vacancy rate.

　　The average vacancy rate in 28 cities is 12%

　　In August last year, RealData announced the survey of vacant housing in 28 large and medium-sized cities in China. The results showed that,Housing vacancy rate, the capital of Jiangxi Province, ranks first among the 28 large and medium-sized cities surveyed, reaching 20%.In other words, one-fifth of the sold housing stock in Nanchang is vacant. The second place is Langfang, Hebei, with a vacancy rate of 19%.

　　According to the shell report, after a thorough investigation of the communities within its business scope,Houses that have been unoccupied for more than 3 months are defined as "vacant houses", set the number of vacant households/total households is the city of housing vacancy rate. The report shows that the average housing vacancy rate of 28 large and medium-sized cities in China is 12%, which is relatively in a high range.

　　Housing vacancy rate increases with the urban energy level, with an average of 7% in first-tier cities, 12% in second-tier cities and 16% in third-tier cities. Only 9 cities have a reasonable vacancy rate, most of them are between 10% and 15%, and 6 cities are above 15%.

Image source: RealData

　　In terms of cities, Shenzhen, Beijing and Shanghai have the lowest vacancy rates, all below 7%. Most cities such as Xi ‘an, Zhengzhou, Kunming, Hefei and Wuxi are between 10% and 15%. Nanchang, Langfang and Foshan housing vacancy rate are relatively high, all above 15%. Shell thinks that the regional differences in housing vacancy rate directly reflect the development potential of the real estate market. Generally speaking, the vacancy rate is 5%— 10% is reasonable, and below this range, the vacancy rate is considered to be too low, indicating that the housing demand is strong and the potential demand is high. If it is higher than 10%, it is considered that the vacancy rate is too high, indicating that there is an oversupply of housing and there is a risk of overstocking. RealData said that the statistics only selected the existing houses that have been sold, and compared with other statistics, the vacancy rate is low. In fact, there are broad and narrow definitions of vacancy rate.

　　Generalized vacancy rate refers to As long as the house is unoccupied at a certain moment, it is vacant. It tends to overestimate the vacancy rate by treating all the houses under renovation and dangerous houses that are not suitable for living as vacant.

　　Narrow vacancy rate The houses and dangerous houses under renovation are deducted from the generalized vacancy. The method is more scientific and reasonable. How to define unoccupied and the length of unoccupied time has become the key to vacancy rate statistics. The implementation standards of each country or region are also quite different — —

　　The United States will include holiday houses, weekend houses and mobile houses in the statistics of vacant houses; The definition of vacant houses in Japan is that no one has lived for a long time and has not used tap water and electricity for five consecutive years; Vancouver, Canada, defines vacant rooms as empty for 25 days every month or empty for 4 months in a year; In Hong Kong, China, the houses under renovation are also included in the statistics of vacant houses.

　　From January to August, the national commercial housing sales area decreased by 7.1% year-on-year.

　　According to the National Bureau of Statistics, from January to August this year, the national investment in real estate development dropped by 8.8%. The national commercial housing sales area was 739.49 million square meters, down 7.1% year-on-year; The sales of commercial housing reached 7,815.8 billion yuan, down 3.2%.

　　On September 15th, the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics showed that in August, the sales price of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities increased, and the number of cities decreased.The sales price of commercial housing in cities of all lines decreased month-on-month, and increased and decreased year-on-year.

　　Among them, the decline in the second-hand housing market is more obvious.In August, the sales prices of second-hand houses in first-and second-tier cities decreased by 1.6% and 3.0% respectively year-on-year, and the decline rate was 0.2 and 0.3 percentage points higher than that of the previous month. The sales price of second-hand residential buildings in third-tier cities decreased by 3.5% year-on-year, the same as last month.

　　National business daily Comprehensive Finance Association and National Bureau of Statistics.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always attached great importance to the work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, and made overall arrangements for accelerating the construction of an agricultural power in the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress. At the Central Rural Work Conference held at the end of last year, he systematically expounded a series of major theoretical and practical issues in building an agricultural power. Heilongjiang thoroughly implements the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, resolutely shoulders the mission responsibility of being a big agricultural province and a big grain province, accelerates the construction of a strong agricultural province, and strives to play a leading role in the construction of a strong agricultural country.

　　Agricultural power is the foundation of socialist modernization power.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Without an agricultural power, there would be no whole modern power; Without agricultural and rural modernization, socialist modernization is incomplete. " Building an agricultural power, carrying the dream of national rejuvenation, building the foundation of national prosperity, and embodying the responsibility of building a community of human destiny. We must strengthen our historical self-confidence, enhance our historical initiative, and forge ahead courageously towards the goal of building an agricultural power.

　　A strong country must first strengthen agriculture, and a strong agriculture can strengthen the country. China is a country with a large population and a large agricultural country, and building an agricultural power is an ideal vision for the Chinese nation to inherit the Millennium. In the new era, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core insists on solving the "three rural issues" as the top priority of the whole party’s work, and continues to focus on strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers, which has historically solved the problem of absolute poverty and created a miracle in the history of human poverty reduction. We are closer to the bright future of an agricultural power than at any time in history. After more than 70 years of development and construction, Heilongjiang has achieved a historical change from "Great Northern Wilderness" to "Great Northern Warehouse". We should base ourselves on resource endowment, give full play to our comparative advantages, accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and promote the dream of becoming a strong agricultural country to become a beautiful reality.

　　If agriculture is stable, the world will be safe, and if agriculture is prosperous, the foundation will be solid. Food security is "the biggest country", and no powerful country has ever relied on others to solve the problem of eating. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has established a national food security strategy, formed a new concept of food security, and led more than 1.4 billion people in China out of a road of food security with China characteristics. The great changes in the world in the past century have accelerated the evolution, and various uncertain and unpredictable factors have obviously increased. We should not be careless about the food security issue. The total grain output of Heilongjiang in 2022 was 155.26 billion Jin, accounting for 11.3% of the country, ranking first in the country for 13 consecutive years. We must persist in taking a variety of grains and planting good grains as the top priority and be the most stable, reliable and solid "big granary" of the country.

　　The country is prosperous when the countryside is prosperous, and the country is rich when the farmers are rich. The countryside is not only the spatial carrier of agricultural production, but also the homeland where farmers were born and raised in Sri Lanka. At present, the overall income level of farmers is not high, rural infrastructure and public services lag behind cities, and the most arduous and arduous task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way is still in the countryside. We must vigorously promote rural revitalization, realize that rural areas have modern living conditions, and farmers can develop in an all-round way and live a richer and better life. We must always give priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas, promote agricultural modernization and rural modernization as a whole, and speed up the construction of livable and suitable businesses and beautiful villages.

　　Adhere to the characteristics of China and firmly follow your own path. To build an agricultural power, we should not only follow the general law of agricultural modernization, but also reflect the common characteristics of strong supply guarantee, strong scientific and technological equipment, strong management system, strong industrial toughness and strong competitiveness. We should also proceed from China’s national conditions, base ourselves on the resource endowment with a large population and a small land, the historical background of agricultural civilization and the requirements of the times of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and unswervingly follow the road of becoming an agricultural power with China characteristics. Heilongjiang is rich in agricultural resources and excellent in ecological environment, and it has a unique solid foundation and favorable conditions to realize agricultural modernization. We should implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the Central Rural Work Conference, firmly grasp the connotation, characteristics and basic requirements of building an agricultural power, anchor the goal of building an agricultural power, earnestly do a good job in agricultural and rural work, and actively explore, be brave in practice and blaze a new trail in building an agricultural power.

　　Make greater contributions to accelerating the construction of an agricultural power.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always been concerned about Heilongjiang and black land, demanding that we strive to be the vanguard of agricultural modernization and the "ballast stone" for safeguarding national food security. We should bear in mind the important instructions and earnest entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, speed up the construction of a strong agricultural province, and strive to take the lead in breaking through, setting an example and being a good vanguard in the construction of a strong agricultural country.

　　Vigorously implement the action of improving grain production capacity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Ensuring the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products has always been the top priority in building an agricultural power." As an important commodity grain base and grain strategic reserve base in China, Heilongjiang must strengthen its sense of sharing worries for the party and growing grain for the country, and resolutely be a "ballast stone" for safeguarding national food security. We must adhere to the responsibility of the party and the government for food security, implement the income guarantee mechanism for grain farmers and the interest compensation mechanism for major producing areas, and protect and mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain and grasping grain at the grassroots level. We will fully implement the plan to increase production of 10 million tons of grain, and provide strong support for the new round of national action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion Jin. Strengthen the protection and utilization of cultivated land in black soil and improve water conservancy facilities. In-depth implementation of high-quality grain projects, giving full play to the role of domestic high-protein soybeans as the main force in planting, and building a national strategic support base for japonica rice rations and a production base for high-quality corn and soybeans with high standards, so as to make greater contributions to a more confident and safer "China Grain".

　　Vigorously implement the practice of the big food concept. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We must establish a big food concept, build a diversified food supply system, and develop food sources in multiple ways." With a forest area of 210,000 square kilometers, there are more than 6,000 natural lakes and more than 100 kinds of wild fish in Heilongjiang, which is rich in material resources for agricultural production and has a huge space for the practice of the concept of big food. We should expand the scale of economic land under forests in an orderly manner, develop and strengthen leading forest food enterprises, extend the industrial chain and build an ecological forest food supply base. Vigorously develop cold-water fishery breeding and processing, and build a production and supply base for cold-water fish products. Adhere to the two-wheel drive of facility agriculture and open field planting, improve the scale and standardization level of facility agriculture, and build a fruit and vegetable production base in cold regions. Accelerate the development of modern animal husbandry, do a good job in fine edible fungi industry, enlarge and strengthen the biological industry, and promote the expansion of food sources from traditional crops and livestock and poultry resources to richer biological resources.

　　Vigorously implement the action of revitalizing modern agriculture. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Industrial revitalization is the top priority of rural revitalization". Heilongjiang is the province with the largest land management area of moderate scale, reaching 147 million mu. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest is stable above 98%, the planting area of main crops is 87%, and the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress reaches 69.5%. The development of modern agriculture has a solid material and technological foundation. We should vigorously develop science and technology agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture and brand agriculture, speed up the construction of modern agricultural industrial system, production system and management system, and constantly improve the overall quality and competitiveness of agricultural industry. Develop science and technology agriculture with the support of technological innovation, strengthen the construction of Jiamusi national agricultural high-tech industrial demonstration zone, modern agricultural industrial technology collaborative innovation promotion system and agricultural science and technology demonstration base, promote the deep integration development of "digital+biology+agriculture", strengthen the scientific and technological innovation of seed industry, build a provincial digital agriculture platform, build a national digital agriculture demonstration zone, actively promote modern equipment such as agricultural machinery intelligent monitoring terminals and high-powered tractors, and strive for a national high-end intelligent agricultural machinery equipment promotion and application pilot zone. Relying on ecological advantages, we will develop green agriculture, vigorously promote green standardized production, steadily expand the certified area of green organic food, and build the largest green granary and green kitchen in China. Develop quality agriculture on the basis of standardized production, improve the local agricultural standard system, and strengthen food safety and quality and safety supervision of agricultural products.Construct the whole traceability system from farmland to dining table. Take marketing as the driving force to develop brand agriculture, carry out agricultural brand promotion actions, strengthen brand promotion, further amplify the brand influence of "black soil excellent products" and let the people of the whole country eat better, greener and safer Longjiang food.

　　Vigorously implement rural construction actions. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "It is the proper meaning of a strong agricultural country to build a livable and beautiful countryside." Realizing that rural areas basically have modern living conditions is an important deployment made by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and it is also an inevitable requirement for improving the quality of life of rural residents and keeping people in rural areas. The task of realizing rural modernization in Heilongjiang Province is still arduous. We should carry out rural construction in depth, adhere to county-level overall planning, promote full coverage of village planning, and scientifically determine village layout and construction boundaries. Accelerate the construction of infrastructure such as roads, electricity, communications and logistics, and public service facilities such as epidemic prevention, old-age care and education, improve the capacity and level of rural health care services, and continuously improve the completeness of rural infrastructure, the convenience of public services and the comfort of human settlements. We will carry out actions to rectify rural human settlements, focus on rural "toilet revolution", domestic sewage treatment and domestic garbage treatment, carry out demonstration and creation of beautiful and livable villages, and gradually improve rural production and living conditions. Adhere to party building to lead rural governance, and improve the rural governance system that combines autonomy, rule of law and rule of virtue under the leadership of party organizations. Strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas, and carry forward the rural customs and folk customs of caring for relatives and neighbors, mutual help, honesty and courtesy.

　　Vigorously implement the action of increasing farmers’ income. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We must persist in increasing farmers’ income as ‘ Agriculture, countryside and farmers ’ The central task of the work is to do everything possible to broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income and get rich. " Heilongjiang is rich in agricultural and rural characteristic resources, which has a good foundation for developing rural industries to enrich the people. We should do a good job of "the head of the grain eats the tail" and "the head of the farmer works the tail", do a good job of "local products", improve the mechanism of linking agriculture with agriculture, promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and leave more value-added income in the countryside and farmers. Develop a new rural collective economy and give farmers more adequate property rights and interests. Encourage and support farmers’ entrepreneurial innovation and increase farmers’ wage income. Continue to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, promote the sustained and stable income increase of the poverty-stricken population, and never let one person fall behind on the road to common prosperity.

　　Gather resources to accelerate the construction of an agricultural power.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The key to running rural affairs well and realizing rural revitalization lies in the party." Accelerating the construction of an agricultural power involves many industries, wide fields and large groups. We must uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, pool the resources of the whole society, and promote the steady and far-reaching construction of an agricultural power.

　　Improve the implementation mechanism of the party’s overall leadership. Give full play to the role of the Party in overall planning and coordinating all parties, adhere to the five-level secretary in rural revitalization, and the county party secretary should be a "front-line commander in chief", and establish a mechanism for leadership responsibility, work promotion, supervision and inspection, assessment and evaluation, so as to ensure that the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee are effective. Strengthen the education and training of cadres on the agricultural front, thoroughly understand the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, improve the level of policy theory, and become an expert in leading the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Strengthen the construction of grass-roots party organizations in rural areas, send and make good use of the first secretary and task force in the village, and build a strong fighting fortress to effectively realize the party’s leadership.

　　Improve the talent support mechanism. Talent is the most precious resource and the basic and strategic support for accelerating the construction of an agricultural power. Adhere to the combination of local training and external introduction, encourage talents to flow to the countryside, and attract graduates from institutions of higher learning and vocational schools, migrant workers who go out to do business, urban retirees, etc. Open up the service channels for talents from urban education, science and technology, culture, health and other industries to go to the countryside, build a volunteer service platform, establish and improve the mechanism of talent training and exchange and cooperation between urban and rural areas, regions and schools, and attract more talents to join the practice of building a strong agricultural country.

　　Improve the input guarantee mechanism. Building a strong agricultural country requires strong policy guidance and capital investment. Give play to the role of financial priority guarantee, improve the long-term mechanism of overall planning and integration of agricultural funds, and improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds. Develop rural inclusive finance, innovate financial products and services, and promote the "agricultural big data+finance" supporting agriculture model. We will improve the linkage mechanism between government investment and financial and social investment, encourage and guide social capital to invest in agriculture and rural areas, set up rural revitalization funds, and support rural industrial development and public infrastructure construction.

　　Improve the mechanism of extensive participation of the whole society. Building a strong agricultural country is the common cause of the whole society. Vigorously publicize the principles, policies and strategic arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on building an agricultural power, give play to the decision-making advisory role of think tanks and experts and scholars, strengthen the theoretical and policy research on agricultural power and agricultural and rural modernization, and create a good public opinion atmosphere of emphasizing agriculture and strengthening agriculture. In-depth implementation of the "ten thousand enterprises prosper ten thousand villages" action, mobilize state-owned enterprises, non-public enterprises, universities, research institutes, industry associations (chambers of commerce), volunteer service teams and other forces to participate in supporting the construction of a strong agricultural country.